"The Little Bible"

[ITS]

Isaiah has been called "The Little Bible." Suggest chapter divisions in Isaiah for the Old and New Testaments, and how these sections parallel each of the testaments.

[Susanna Ho]

Isaiah with 66 chapters has been called ?The Little Bible? because it includes the messages in the 66 books in the Old Testament and New Testament. Isaiah Chapter 1-39 relates to the Assyrian Period which is like the Old Testament having 39 books. Also in the Old Testament it focus on the law of the Lord and the law brings only judgment and condemnation, the first 39 chapters in Isaiah also focuses on the judgment of Judah, the nations and the world. The last 27 chapters (40-66) relates to the Babylonian Period which is like the New Testament having 27 books. Also the last 27 chapters the hope, peace, the Messiah, the Lord?s servant, His deity and His suffering for our sins are accurately prophesied and fulfilled in the New Testament which focuses on salvation and hope. In the last 9 chapters of Isaiah, the future glory, the redemption, the Gentiles coming to the Lord, as well as the new heaven and earth are accurately prophesied corresponding to the New Testament from the book of Acts to Revelation.

Susanna Ho

[ddjunker]

While a division of 66 chapters to correspond to the 66 books is nice and tidy, we can also divide the book of Isaiah by theme, similar to the way Motyer does in The Prophecy of Isaiah (1993, InterVarsity Press). Even though this doesn't align numerically, the themes that Motyer identifies match the approach many people take when reading the Bible for themselves. The first 37 chapters, described as the Book of the King, convey a similar emotional impact as the Old Testament with its heavy emphasis on law and exhortative prophecy, with only a little grace sprinkled throughout. Chapters 38-55, as the Book of the Servant, correlates well to the Gospels and Acts, where the ministry of the Servant, both as Messiah and as Church, is described. Finally, the Book of the Annointed Conqueror, chapters 56-66, show the impact of the triumphant return with its two-edged impact, somewhat like the Epistles and Revelation describe Christian life and Christ's return.

[braunberger]

The Book of Isaiah could be called the ?Little Bible? for several reasons. There are similarities in the number of chapters compared to the number of books in the Bible (66). Beyond that the first portion (1-39) of Isaiah deals with the Law and with judgment, which are common themes in the Old Testament. The second part of Isaiah (40-66) deals with God?s comfort and restoration with specific references to the Good News, Christ?s crucifixion and His suffering. Overall, the book of Isaiah contains many of the common themes in the Bible: the Law, judgment, comfort, peace, restoration, Christ the Messiah and the second coming of Christ.

[braunberger]

Isaiah with 66 chapters has been called ?The Little Bible? because it includes the messages in the 66 books in the Old Testament and New Testament. Isaiah Chapter 1-39 relates to the Assyrian Period which is like the Old Testament having 39 books. Also in the Old Testament it focus on the law of the Lord and the law brings only judgment and condemnation, the first 39 chapters in Isaiah also focuses on the judgment of Judah, the nations and the world. The last 27 chapters (40-66) relates to the Babylonian Period which is like the New Testament having 27 books. Also the last 27 chapters the hope, peace, the Messiah, the Lord?s servant, His deity and His suffering for our sins are accurately prophesied and fulfilled in the New Testament which focuses on salvation and hope. In the last 9 chapters of Isaiah, the future glory, the redemption, the Gentiles coming to the Lord, as well as the new heaven and earth are accurately prophesied corresponding to the New Testament from the book of Acts to Revelation.
Susanna Ho

I think Susanna does an excellent job of drawing similarities between the Book of Isaiah and the Bible. It is amazing how the first half of Isaiah (1-39) touched upon similar themes mentioned throughout the OT. The second half of Isaiah touches upon restoration, Christ?s suffering and redemption, and His second coming. Susanna points out an important issue that even in the OT, God had in mind to extend salvation to all people and all nations. Well done.

[Roseanne Candell]

I would like to suggest that Isaiah chapters 1-39 are parallel to the Old Testament, and Isaiah 40-66 are parallel to the New Testament. I think it is significant that there are 66 books in the Book of Isaiah because there are 39 books in the Old Testament and 27 in the New Testament. In Isaiah 1-39, we see Israel's corrupted worship and messages of judgment. However, chapters 40-66 emphasize comfort for believers. There are the ideas of hope and future blessing. Similarly, in the New Testament, Jesus Christ the Messiah is the One true sacrifice for sin. Although He had no sin, He became sin for us, so that we may have the opportunity to experience eternal life and no longer be separated from God. Hope comes from Him.

[Roseanne Candell]

I think Braunberger's explanation is stated well. I agree that there are similarities between the chapter divisions in the Book of Isaiah and the Old and New Testaments. I also think that Braunberger is correct in paralleling the themes of Isaiah and the Old and New Testaments. I find his explanation of the Good News, Jesus' suffering, and the crucifixion common to the New Testament and Isaiah 40-66 to be significant. The prophecy of the Suffering Servant is fulfilled in Christ. He is our Redeemer. Good job!

[danielwalker1]

Isaiah has been called "The Little Bible." Suggest chapter divisions in Isaiah for the Old and New Testaments, and how these sections parallel each of the testaments. The simialarities between the Book of Isaiah and the Bible as a whole is striking. We can first start with the structural similarites. The book as a complete unit has 66 chapters, while the Bible has 66 books. The Bible is seperated into two sections, the Old and New Testaments. The Book of Isaiah can be divided into two protions as well. These include chapters 1-39 and 40-66. The content of the corresponding sections are euqually familiar. The Old Testament and the first portion of Isaiah have parallel themes of judgment, predictive prophecy, sin,and the promise of comming salvation. The New Testament and the second portion of Isaiah also share many common qualities. It contains the fulfillment of the predicted promise of salvation and the restoration of relationship between God and His children. So, the comparrisons are valid.

[danielwalker1]

The Book of Isaiah could be called the ?Little Bible? for several reasons. There are similarities in the number of chapters compared to the number of books in the Bible (66). Beyond that the first portion (1-39) of Isaiah deals with the Law and with judgment, which are common themes in the Old Testament. The second part of Isaiah (40-66) deals with God?s comfort and restoration with specific references to the Good News, Christ?s crucifixion and His suffering. Overall, the book of Isaiah contains many of the common themes in the Bible: the Law, judgment, comfort, peace, restoration, Christ the Messiah and the second coming of Christ. This is a good and helpfully simple answer to this question. The answer has captured the oboviuos parallels between Isaiah and the Bible and placed them in logical formation. While the comparrison in number and structure is clear to the eye, our answer digs deeper to unveil the common themes in the material. I find this both simple and true. The best of both worlds.

[Barbara Irvine]

The book of Isaiah has 66 chapters; the Holy Bible has 66 books. The first 39 chapters in Isaiah very specifically deal with the Assyrian captivity of Israel; the first 39 chapters of the Bible are pre-Messianic and deal also with the history of Israel. In Isaiah there is a change in mood in chapters 40 to 66; these chapters deal with Israel during the Babylonian Epoc and is quite similar to the New Testament, where the Messiah is incarnated and presented in the Gospels, the mission of the church is released in Acts and the Epistles and further Milennial prophecy is projected in Revelation. Great hope and mercy, looking to eternal life and a new heaven and a new earth without sin and sorrow, are characterized in the second half of Isaiah and also in the ministry of our beloved Savior.
Isaiah is called a mini-Bible; it contains the history of Israel, exquisite poetic chapters, prophecies concerning Israel that correspond and are quoted throughout the New testament, and it looks foward to the Messianic Age to be fulfilled in Jesus Christ. Isaiah presents the suffering Savior in Chapter 53; healing is in the atoning work of Calvary, "by His stripes we are healed." TheGospels of the new Testament delineate the miracle of Calvary and the Resurrection. Throughout the Old Testament other major prophets experience similar reactions to the presence of the Lord as did Isaiah in chapter 6. Jeremiah and Ezekial also parallel the deep responseof John the Beloved on the Island of Patmos as he pens Revelation. The Kings of Israel ae defined in the book of Israel as the history plays out through the life of the 'one' Isaiah. It is contended that Isaiah may have had visions of the deliverance by Babylon; this same prophetic vision sees the mountain tops and not the valleys of time between. Isaiah prophecizes the virgin birth and the ministry of the Messiah.

[Barbara Irvine]

I would like to suggest that Isaiah chapters 1-39 are parallel to the Old Testament, and Isaiah 40-66 are parallel to the New Testament. I think it is significant that there are 66 books in the Book of Isaiah because there are 39 books in the Old Testament and 27 in the New Testament. In Isaiah 1-39, we see Israel's corrupted worship and messages of judgment. However, chapters 40-66 emphasize comfort for believers. There are the ideas of hope and future blessing. Similarly, in the New Testament, Jesus Christ the Messiah is the One true sacrifice for sin. Although He had no sin, He became sin for us, so that we may have the opportunity to experience eternal life and no longer be separated from God. Hope comes from Him.

In responding to the original answer to the analogy of Isaiah as a "Little
Bible," it would have been possible to do this with anyone of the original students. They were all similar to each other and had achieved sufficient understanding of the problem to respond to it with veracity. Using the response made by Roseanne Candell the general comments are as follows:
(l) a simple mathematical process reveals an equal number of chapters to books; (2) divisions between the Old and the New Testaments include both historical, judgments and then Messianic promise;(3) Old Testament prophecies are fulfilled in the New Testament and are seen paralleled in the book of Isaiah. Prophecized early in Isaiah is the coming Messiah; Jesus fulfils these prophecies and quotes from Isaiah 61 in Luke 4.

[aljames]

It is interesting how the Bible contains 66 Books comprising both the Old and New Testaments. Isaiah is comprised of 66 chapters. When I think of the term 'little bible,' my thoughts revert to the above. I feel that if we were to divide the Book up into Old Testament and New Testament, then we could do it this way: Isaiah chapter 1 through chapter 49 would be the Old Testament and Isaiah 50-66 would comprise the New Testament. It seems to me that Isaiah 1 - 49 mostly deal with Old Testament issues such as Israel's sin of idolatry leading to the captivity, the Judgement of the nations (Babylon, Philistia, Edom, Moab, Assyria, etc)---these are no longer world powers, there are some prophecies that point to the Messiah as the Old Testament has some as well. These prophecies seem to predict the first advent of the Messiah (Isaiah 7, 9, 11) that were fulfilled in Jesus in the beginning of the New Testament. Isaiah 50-66 seems more New Testament in that it deals with things to come in the Messianic Age. Isaiah 50 & 53, however, deals with the suffering that the Servant must endure. This also was fulfilled in Jesus Christ when He paid the penalty for our sins and died so that we may be justified through His shed blood for the remissions of our sins. The Salvation of God has come to the nations and now we await the Second Coming of the Messiah, God's Holy Servant who will bring peace and justice to the earth. He will set up His kingdom and reign forever.

[aljames]

The book of Isaiah has 66 chapters; the Holy Bible has 66 books. The first 39 chapters in Isaiah very specifically deal with the Assyrian captivity of Israel; the first 39 chapters of the Bible are pre-Messianic and deal also with the history of Israel. In Isaiah there is a change in mood in chapters 40 to 66; these chapters deal with Israel during the Babylonian Epoc and is quite similar to the New Testament, where the Messiah is incarnated and presented in the Gospels, the mission of the church is released in Acts and the Epistles and further Milennial prophecy is projected in Revelation. Great hope and mercy, looking to eternal life and a new heaven and a new earth without sin and sorrow, are characterized in the second half of Isaiah and also in the ministry of our beloved Savior.
Isaiah is called a mini-Bible; it contains the history of Israel, exquisite poetic chapters, prophecies concerning Israel that correspond and are quoted throughout the New testament, and it looks foward to the Messianic Age to be fulfilled in Jesus Christ. Isaiah presents the suffering Savior in Chapter 53; healing is in the atoning work of Calvary, "by His stripes we are healed." TheGospels of the new Testament delineate the miracle of Calvary and the Resurrection. Throughout the Old Testament other major prophets experience similar reactions to the presence of the Lord as did Isaiah in chapter 6. Jeremiah and Ezekial also parallel the deep responseof John the Beloved on the Island of Patmos as he pens Revelation. The Kings of Israel ae defined in the book of Israel as the history plays out through the life of the 'one' Isaiah. It is contended that Isaiah may have had visions of the deliverance by Babylon; this same prophetic vision sees the mountain tops and not the valleys of time between. Isaiah prophecizes the virgin birth and the ministry of the Messiah.I must disagree with you when you had indicated that the first 39 chapters of the Book of Isaiah deals with the Assyrian Captivity. The Book of Isaiah touches on the Northern Kingdom's captivity under the Assyrian Empire, but the majority of the prophecy and the prophet's ministry deal with the Southern Kingdom, Judah. Judah was threatened by the Assyrian war engine but before she could be brought under the oppression of this nation, God destroyed the Assyrian army that beseiged Jerusalem and spoke blasphemous things against the city, its king and its God. Sennacherib taunted Hezekiah and the prophet reminded Hezekiah that God will protect Him for His covenant's sake. Though Judah was steeped in idolatry (following the same route as the Northern Kingdom), God still would save a remnant. I am not sure if I understand what you mean by the first 39 chapters of the Bible are pre-Messianic and deals with the History of Israel. I do agree with you that Genesis 1-39 deals with the History of Early Israel but I don't think that the Jewish readers of Torah would see these as 'pre-Messianic.' Many times, we as Evangelicals, read the Old Testament through the eyes of the New Testament. When I read the Old Testament, I try to remember that the original audience and the Jewish readers of today, do not have knowledge of the first advent of the Messiah, let alone, the Messiah's offer to Salvation.

[jknaggs]

Isaiah has been called "The Little Bible." Suggest chapter divisions in Isaiah for the Old and New Testaments, and how these sections parallel each of the testaments.

Yes, the Book of Isaiah can be thought of as a model for the complete Word of God known as the Old and New Testaments. It is intriguing that the chapters were assigned much after the fact of the original writings. It might lead one to consider some level of manipulation, but considering the timeless sovereignty of God, it is clearly not outside His grasp.

So we see that chapters 1-39 can be understood in the context of the old covenant with a legally defined relationship with God and repetitive interest on the part of God for His people. In these chapters, we also learn convincingly of His part in creation and that He has a plan for reconciliation through a Savior. All of these aspects are consistent with the Old Testament.

Chapters 40-66 speak convincingly to the place of the Savior, His character, and role. Often, in this part of Isaiah we seem to be reading the gospel. Here we too find that the relationship with God will change to be marked primarily by grace through the suffering servant. This is the message of the new covenant. He even gives us a taste of revelaion-type prophecy.

[jknaggs]

The book of Isaiah has 66 chapters; the Holy Bible has 66 books. The first 39 chapters in Isaiah very specifically deal with the Assyrian captivity of Israel; the first 39 chapters of the Bible are pre-Messianic and deal also with the history of Israel. In Isaiah there is a change in mood in chapters 40 to 66; these chapters deal with Israel during the Babylonian Epoc and is quite similar to the New Testament, where the Messiah is incarnated and presented in the Gospels, the mission of the church is released in Acts and the Epistles and further Milennial prophecy is projected in Revelation. Great hope and mercy, looking to eternal life and a new heaven and a new earth without sin and sorrow, are characterized in the second half of Isaiah and also in the ministry of our beloved Savior.
Isaiah is called a mini-Bible; it contains the history of Israel, exquisite poetic chapters, prophecies concerning Israel that correspond and are quoted throughout the New testament, and it looks foward to the Messianic Age to be fulfilled in Jesus Christ. Isaiah presents the suffering Savior in Chapter 53; healing is in the atoning work of Calvary, "by His stripes we are healed." TheGospels of the new Testament delineate the miracle of Calvary and the Resurrection. Throughout the Old Testament other major prophets experience similar reactions to the presence of the Lord as did Isaiah in chapter 6. Jeremiah and Ezekial also parallel the deep responseof John the Beloved on the Island of Patmos as he pens Revelation. The Kings of Israel ae defined in the book of Israel as the history plays out through the life of the 'one' Isaiah. It is contended that Isaiah may have had visions of the deliverance by Babylon; this same prophetic vision sees the mountain tops and not the valleys of time between. Isaiah prophecizes the virgin birth and the ministry of the Messiah.I must disagree with you when you had indicated that the first 39 chapters of the Book of Isaiah deals with the Assyrian Captivity. The Book of Isaiah touches on the Northern Kingdom's captivity under the Assyrian Empire, but the majority of the prophecy and the prophet's ministry deal with the Southern Kingdom, Judah. Judah was threatened by the Assyrian war engine but before she could be brought under the oppression of this nation, God destroyed the Assyrian army that beseiged Jerusalem and spoke blasphemous things against the city, its king and its God. Sennacherib taunted Hezekiah and the prophet reminded Hezekiah that God will protect Him for His covenant's sake. Though Judah was steeped in idolatry (following the same route as the Northern Kingdom), God still would save a remnant. I am not sure if I understand what you mean by the first 39 chapters of the Bible are pre-Messianic and deals with the History of Israel. I do agree with you that Genesis 1-39 deals with the History of Early Israel but I don't think that the Jewish readers of Torah would see these as 'pre-Messianic.' Many times, we as Evangelicals, read the Old Testament through the eyes of the New Testament. When I read the Old Testament, I try to remember that the original audience and the Jewish readers of today, do not have knowledge of the first advent of the Messiah, let alone, the Messiah's offer to Salvation.

The original posting here and the comments attached are very thoughtful and even helpful. BI's clarification of the facts are good, although I read the original posting as more general in nature. I would even guess that he meant to write that the "first 39 books of the Bible," not the "first 39 chapters."

I'm interested in BI's comments about reading the OT with NT eyes. At the risk of mis-stating her position, I don't think reading the OT with NT eyes is so bad. There is no doubt in my mind that many of the Messianic references in Isaiah were only unearthed with NT eyes. This, of course makes them no less valid. I salute your intentionality to study with such a discipline. I choose to read everything with NT eyes. Scales left my eyes when I saw Christ. I understand the value of gaining OT perspective minus the NT influence.

Did Isaiah see what he had writtwn as 'pre-Messianic'? I think it's quite possible that God gave him such eyes.

[SCU Prof]

Honestly, the thought of Isaiah referenced as “The Little Bible” had not previously occurred to this writer. It is interesting that the major theme division of Judgment and Grace that occurs between chapters 39 and 40 easily coincides with the 39 books of the Old Testament and the 27 chapters of the New Testament as well as the total 66 chapters aligning with the 66 books of Scripture. However, I struggle to see how the remaining divisions of Law, History, Writings and Prophets can be further paralleled in the first 39 chapters of Isaiah’s text. I strongly hesitate to say this is merely coincidental while I also see this as somewhat forced on the text.

[SCU Prof]

Isaiah with 66 chapters has been called ?The Little Bible? because it includes the messages in the 66 books in the Old Testament and New Testament. Isaiah Chapter 1-39 relates to the Assyrian Period which is like the Old Testament having 39 books. Also in the Old Testament it focus on the law of the Lord and the law brings only judgment and condemnation, the first 39 chapters in Isaiah also focuses on the judgment of Judah, the nations and the world. The last 27 chapters (40-66) relates to the Babylonian Period which is like the New Testament having 27 books. Also the last 27 chapters the hope, peace, the Messiah, the Lord?s servant, His deity and His suffering for our sins are accurately prophesied and fulfilled in the New Testament which focuses on salvation and hope. In the last 9 chapters of Isaiah, the future glory, the redemption, the Gentiles coming to the Lord, as well as the new heaven and earth are accurately prophesied corresponding to the New Testament from the book of Acts to Revelation.

Susanna Ho

I disagree somewhat with the idea of chapters 1-39 coinciding with the Old Testament based on its theme of judgment. If one only reads judgment as the dominant theme of the Old Testament, as it is in Isaiah 1-39, then perhaps one has misread the Old Testament. A thorough analysis of the Old Testament reveals that God’s grace extended before and after each incident of judgment. His grace may look differently in the Old Testament than it does in the New, but it is a prevalent theme nonetheless; unlike Isaiah 1-39.

[spalla]

Isaiah has been called "The Little Bible." Suggest chapter divisions in Isaiah for the Old and New Testaments, and how these sections parallel each of the testaments.

I can see some similarities between chapters 1-39 of Isaiah and the OT and 40-66 of Isaiah with the NT. Chapters 1-39 mirror the OT; both speak of God's judgment of idolatry and present the need for God to fulfill his covenant promises and deliver his faithful people.Chapters 40-66 speak about the restoration of the faithful, the coming of a messiah figure, the judgment of evil, and the creation of the new heavens and new earth which does look a lot like the NT.
One may also see some similarities between Isaiah and OT/NT in regards to progressive revelation and the place of the "nations" in God's plans. The "nations" always have a place in God's plans, but their place seems most clear in 40-66. The nations will all be in subjection to Zion and will be judged like Israel in the first half of the book. Chapters 40-66 make it clear though that God's plan of salvation and his servant include the nations.
I would not want to take these similarities too far though. Isaiah obviously captures the overall themes of the whole bible (sin, judgment, restoration) but of course don't many books of the OT do that as well?
M. Spalla

[spalla]

I disagree somewhat with the idea of chapters 1-39 coinciding with the Old Testament based on its theme of judgment. If one only reads judgment as the dominant theme of the Old Testament, as it is in Isaiah 1-39, then perhaps one has misread the Old Testament. A thorough analysis of the Old Testament reveals that God’s grace extended before and after each incident of judgment. His grace may look differently in the Old Testament than it does in the New, but it is a prevalent theme nonetheless; unlike Isaiah 1-39.

Not that I have much that I can add to the Prof's response, but I did think about the prof's response. Isaiah 1-39 does focus a lot on judgment but also has surprising bright spots (chapters 9 & 11 immediately pop into mind). The OT itself seems to have many bright spots (Isaiah of course being one of them) which just goes to show that judgment is only one of the themes along with the theme of restoration/redemption. So, I agree that there has to be a broader perspective on what the OT is about, and I think we have to say that while judgment is dominant in the first section of Isaiah, it's paired with hope as well.
Also, the NT can't be automatically put under the all encompassing theme of hope and restoration. That would be leaving out the final judgment which will be much broader than anything God did to chastise Israel for the purpose of repentance.
M. Spalla

[maphil]

Isaiah has been called the "Little Bible" for the initial obvious reason, it contains 66 chapters just as the Bible contains 66 books.

One can also make a nice division between chapters 1-39 and 40-66 just as the Old Testament contains the first 39 books while the New Testament contains the later 27 books. I also see a distinct shift in themes between the two sections from sin and judgment to redemption and hope.

However, my only problem with calling it the "Little Bible" is the fact that the chapter divisions were not inspired but added on latter. It was never Isaiah's intention to have 66 chapters.

Therefore, although it makes a nice way to understand the outline and structure of the books of Isaiah, I do not believe we can say with certainty that the correlation of 66 books and 66 chapters were inspired by the Spirit of God.

[maphil]

I disagree somewhat with the idea of chapters 1-39 coinciding with the Old Testament based on its theme of judgment. If one only reads judgment as the dominant theme of the Old Testament, as it is in Isaiah 1-39, then perhaps one has misread the Old Testament. A thorough analysis of the Old Testament reveals that God’s grace extended before and after each incident of judgment. His grace may look differently in the Old Testament than it does in the New, but it is a prevalent theme nonetheless; unlike Isaiah 1-39.


I would agree that God's grace was clearly shown and displayed in the Old Testament. It was extended before and after his various acts of judgment. But I do feel that God's sovereign plan and purposes shifted when he moved into the New Testament when the dispensation of grace was ushered in. In the NT, a New Covenant of grace through faith was established as opposed to the Old Covenant of the works throught he law. Thus, although God never changes and his love and grace was just as abundant in the OT as in the NT, his plan and outworkings did change in the NT period.

[Jonathan Srock]

Isaiah has been called "The Little Bible." Suggest chapter divisions in Isaiah for the Old and New Testaments, and how these sections parallel each of the testaments.

Divisions for the book of Isaiah that correspond with the Old and New Testaments most naturally fit the suggested 1-39 and 40-66. But thematically, the book of Isaiah simply brings a rich fullness through poetic devices to the overall message of Scripture. It contains the same types of themes and the same approach to God's plan.

God reveals Himself to Israel and to the nations through His Servant, Jesus, and He judges the world of sin and He saves the world from sin. It is so rich in proclaiming God's desire to live with His people toward the end of the book and also rich in presenting this interim time in which we live between Christ's sacrifice and its culmination.

[Jonathan Srock]

The Book of Isaiah could be called the ?Little Bible? for several reasons. There are similarities in the number of chapters compared to the number of books in the Bible (66). Beyond that the first portion (1-39) of Isaiah deals with the Law and with judgment, which are common themes in the Old Testament. The second part of Isaiah (40-66) deals with God?s comfort and restoration with specific references to the Good News, Christ?s crucifixion and His suffering. Overall, the book of Isaiah contains many of the common themes in the Bible: the Law, judgment, comfort, peace, restoration, Christ the Messiah and the second coming of Christ.

I think this is an incredibly accurate view to take on this matter. This book is so well written by Isaiah in that it focuses on the same themes that both testaments approach. God's actions and character have remained the same. He still acts in this way even today. We can see that through the book of Isaiah, God deals with believers and unbelievers throughout the Old and New Testaments without change. He is always hoping for the nations to turn to Him and He is always sending more revelation of Himself to them through the ways He interacts with His people and the nations.